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Plans for a Bird House with a Built-In Feeder

A Comprehensive Design for an Integrated Birdhouse and Feeder Structure

This document outlines a detailed plan for the construction of a birdhouse featuring an integrated feeder, designed to maximize functionality and aesthetic appeal. The design prioritizes durability, ease of cleaning, and the provision of a safe and accessible habitat for avian species. This plan is intended for individuals with intermediate woodworking skills and provides specifications for materials, construction techniques, and considerations for site selection and installation.

I. Design Specifications and Rationale

A. Overall Dimensions and Structure

The proposed design incorporates a classic A-frame birdhouse with a detachable feeder component affixed to the underside of the main structure. The overall dimensions are as follows: The birdhouse itself will measure 12 inches (H) x 8 inches (W) x 6 inches (D). The feeder section, attached beneath the main house, will measure 10 inches (W) x 6 inches (D) x 2 inches (H). These dimensions provide sufficient space for small to medium-sized birds while minimizing the risk of predation by larger animals. The A-frame design offers superior protection from the elements, particularly rain and wind.

B. Materials Selection

The selection of materials is critical to ensuring the longevity and safety of the structure. The primary material will be untreated cedar wood, chosen for its natural resistance to rot and decay, and its aesthetic appeal. Untreated cedar is preferable to pressure-treated lumber, as the chemicals used in pressure treating can be harmful to birds. For fastening, exterior-grade galvanized screws will be utilized to prevent rust and corrosion. The feeder itself will incorporate a clear, weather-resistant plastic tray to facilitate easy cleaning and prevent food from becoming contaminated. The roof will be constructed with cedar shingles or a single piece of cedar to provide superior water runoff and protection from the elements. A small amount of exterior-grade wood glue will be used to enhance the structural integrity of the joints.

C. Birdhouse Compartment Details

The entrance hole will be drilled to a diameter of 1.25 inches, suitable for a variety of small bird species such as chickadees, titmice, and wrens. The interior will be left unfinished to allow for the birds to naturally grip and maintain their footing. A ventilation hole, approximately 0.5 inches in diameter, will be drilled near the top of the back wall to facilitate air circulation and prevent moisture buildup. The floor of the birdhouse will be constructed with a slight slope towards the entrance to aid in drainage.

II. Construction Methodology

A. Birdhouse Assembly

1. Cut the lumber: Using the specified dimensions, cut the cedar wood into the required pieces for the main birdhouse structure (front, back, two sides, and roof). Ensure precise cuts for proper fitting and assembly.
2. Assemble the main body: Assemble the side, front and back pieces using wood glue and galvanized screws. The joints should be tight and secure to prevent drafts and maintain structural integrity. Use a countersinking tool to prevent sharp screw heads from injuring birds.
3. Construct the roof: Attach the roof using screws and wood glue ensuring it securely covers and protects the interior from rain. Cedar shingles or a single piece of cedar can be used for the roof, depending on your preference and available materials. Overhang the roof by at least 1 inch on all sides to provide extra protection.
4. Install the entrance hole: Drill the 1.25-inch entrance hole precisely centered on the front panel. Ensure that the hole is smooth and free of splinters to prevent injury to the birds.
5. Install the ventilation hole: Drill the 0.5-inch ventilation hole near the top of the back panel.

B. Feeder Construction

1. Create the feeder base: Cut a piece of cedar to form the base of the feeder. Ensure that the dimensions allow for easy placement under the birdhouse, offering enough space for seed or other bird feed.
2. Install the plastic tray: Attach the clear, weather-resistant plastic tray to the cedar base using weatherproof adhesive or screws. Ensure a secure fit to prevent the tray from dislodging. This tray should be removable for easy cleaning.
3. Attach the feeder to the birdhouse: Securely attach the feeder base to the underside of the birdhouse using galvanized screws. Ensure sufficient space between the birdhouse floor and the feeder tray.

III. Site Selection and Installation

Proper site selection and installation are critical to attracting birds and ensuring the longevity of the birdhouse. Consider the following:

• Location: Position the birdhouse at least 5 feet above the ground, and away from high-traffic areas that could disturb the birds. It's recommended to position the birdhouse near trees or shrubs that provide shelter and protection from predators, but not so close as to impede bird access.
• Orientation: Orient the entrance away from prevailing winds and direct sunlight. The entrance should face generally east or south-east to allow for optimal sun exposure during the morning.
• Protection from Predators: Install the birdhouse in a location that is difficult for cats and other predators to access.
• Stability: Ensure that the birdhouse is securely mounted to a sturdy surface to prevent it from tipping or falling. Use appropriate mounting hardware depending on the mounting surface.
• Accessibility for Cleaning: Ensure the feeder is accessible for easy cleaning, as food spoilage can attract unwanted pests and disease.

IV. Maintenance and Cleaning

Regular maintenance is crucial to ensure the continued health and safety of the birds using the birdhouse and feeder. The feeder should be cleaned regularly, at least once a month or more frequently, depending on weather conditions and the type of feed used. Remove old, soiled or spoiled food and thoroughly wash the tray with warm soapy water. Rinse thoroughly and allow it to completely dry before refilling with birdseed. The birdhouse should be inspected annually for damage or deterioration. Any damaged parts should be repaired or replaced as needed. Avoid using harsh chemicals when cleaning, as these can harm birds.

V. Conclusion

The construction of an integrated birdhouse and feeder offers a rewarding project for bird enthusiasts. By carefully following these detailed plans, you can create a durable, attractive, and functional structure that provides a safe and comfortable habitat for your local avian population. Remember to prioritize safety and hygiene throughout the construction and maintenance processes to ensure a positive experience for both the birds and the builder.

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